1071378 results (page 59 of 42856)
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Scalable Multigrid Solver for the Helmholtz Equation: Real-Shifted Coarse Grid Correction
We present a convergent and scalable multigrid solver for high-frequency Helmholtz equations. Standard multigrid methods do not converge for high-frequency Helmholtz problems, and a common cure is adding a complex shift and using the shifted operator as a preconditioner. Nevertheless, the complex shift prevents scalability. In this work we present a new method that achieves scalable convergence of…
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Rank-Turbulence Delta and Interpretable Approaches to Stylometric Delta Metrics
This article introduces two new measures for authorship attribution - Rank-Turbulence Delta and Jensen-Shannon Delta - which generalise Burrows's classical Delta by applying distance functions designed for probabilistic distributions. We first set out the theoretical basis of the measures, contrasting centred and uncentred z-scoring of word-frequency vectors and re-casting the uncentred vectors as…
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Design and preliminary performance study of the broad-band spectrometer detector for POLAR-2
POLAR-2, the successor of the POLAR experiment aboard China's Tiangong-2 space lab, is set to be deployed on the China Space Station. The POLAR-2 mission aims to conducting high-precision polarization measurements of high-energy transients with a primary focus on Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), following POLAR's pioneering accurate polarization measurements of GRB prompt emission. One of the key advancem…
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EvoPatch-IoT: Evolution-Aware Cross-Architecture Vulnerability Retrieval and Patch-State Profiling for BusyBox-Based IoT Firmware
BusyBox is one of the most widely reused userland components in Linux-based Internet-of-Things (IoT) firmware, yet its security assessment remains difficult because firmware images are frequently stripped, vendor patch practices are inconsistent, and the same source component is compiled for heterogeneous architectures. We propose EvoPatch-IoT, an evolution-aware cross-architecture retrieval frame…
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A Tendon-Driven Wrist Abduction-Adduction Joint Improves Performance of a 5 DoF Upper Limb Exoskeleton -- Implementation and Experimental Evaluation
Wrist function is essential in performing activities of daily living (ADLs). However, there is limited experimental evidence on the functional impact of wrist Abduction-Adduction (Ab-Ad) joint assistance in upper limb exoskeletons (ULEs) for rehabilitation. This study evaluates the effect of implementing an active wrist Ab-Ad joint in a five degree of freedom (DoF) ULE, EXOTIC2 exoskeleton, to sup…
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DPC: A Distributed Page Cache over CXL
Modern distributed file systems rely on uncoordinated, per node page caches that replicate hot data locally across the cluster. While ensuring fast local access, this architecture underutilizes aggregate cluster DRAM capacity through massive data redundancy and incurs prohibitive coherence overhead via heavyweight, lock-based protocols. In this paper, we focus on the design of a distributed page c…
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A Nonparametric Goodness-of-Fit Test for High-Dimensional Generalized Gaussian Distributions via Nearest-Neighbor Graphs
The multivariate generalised Gaussian distribution (MGGD) is commonly used to model high-dimensional vectors with non-Gaussian radial behaviour, ranging from sharp-peaked to heavy-tailed profiles. However, because many classical multivariate tests are based on covariance inversion or high-dimensional density estimation, formal goodness-of-fit assessment for MGGD models remains challenging in moder…
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Translating Ethical Frameworks Into User-Centred Anti-Social Behaviour Interventions
In 2025 one million Anti-Social Behaviour (ASB) cases were recorded in England & Wales, impacting community cohesion. Statutory guidance presents punitive interventions that lack technological input and does not often root ethical frameworks within government system design. This work takes a novel approach in framing ASB intervention as a human-computer interaction problem by embedding an ethical …
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Seeing Candidates at Scale: Multimodal LLMs for Visual Political Communication on Instagram
This paper presents a computational case study that evaluates the capabilities of specialized machine learning models and emerging multimodal large language models for Visual Political Communication (VPC) analysis. Focusing on concentrated visibility in Instagram stories and posts during the 2021 German federal election campaign, we compare the performance of traditional computer vision models (Fa…
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CoDA: Towards Effective Cross-domain Knowledge Transfer via CoT-guided Domain Adaptation
Large language models (LLMs) have achieved substantial advances in logical reasoning, yet they continue to lag behind human-level performance. In-context learning provides a viable solution that boosts the model's performance via prompting its input with expert-curated, in-domain exemplars. However, in many real-world, expertise-scarce domains, such as low-resource scientific disciplines, emerging…
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EVPO: Explained Variance Policy Optimization for Adaptive Critic Utilization in LLM Post-Training
Reinforcement learning (RL) for LLM post-training faces a fundamental design choice: whether to use a learned critic as a baseline for policy optimization. Classical theory favors critic-based methods such as PPO for variance reduction, yet critic-free alternatives like GRPO have gained widespread adoption due to their simplicity and competitive performance. We show that in sparse-reward settings,…
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Maximum Solow--Polasky Diversity Subset Selection Is NP-hard Even in the Euclidean Plane
We prove that, for every fixed $θ_0>0$, selecting a subset of prescribed cardinality that maximizes the Solow--Polasky diversity indicator is NP-hard for finite point sets in $\mathbb{R}^2$ with the Euclidean metric, and therefore also for finite point sets in $\mathbb{R}^d$ for every fixed dimension $d \ge 2$. This strictly strengthens our earlier NP-hardness result for general metric spaces by s…
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Deep sprite-based image models: An analysis
While foundation models drive steady progress in image segmentation and diffusion algorithms compose always more realistic images, the seemingly simple problem of identifying recurrent patterns in a collection of images remains very much open. In this paper, we focus on sprite-based image decomposition models, which have shown some promise for clustering and image decomposition and are appealing b…
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Non-extensive entropy of Vinen quantum turbulence
In Ref. [1] the statistical structure of the turbulent cascade in the context of non-additive entropy was considered. Here we suggest that the vortex line ensemble in the Vinen quantum turbulence in superfluids is described by the non-extensive Tsallis-Cirto statistics with $δ=3$.
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Deep Supervised Contrastive Learning of Pitch Contours for Robust Pitch Accent Classification in Seoul Korean
The intonational structure of Seoul Korean has been defined with discrete tonal categories within the Autosegmental-Metrical model of intonational phonology. However, it is challenging to map continuous $F_0$ contours to these invariant categories due to variable $F_0$ realizations in real-world speech. Our paper proposes Dual-Glob, a deep supervised contrastive learning framework to robustly clas…
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Harmonizing MR Images Across 100+ Scanners: Multi-site Validation with Traveling Subjects and Real-world Protocols
Reliable harmonization of heterogeneous magnetic resonance~(MR) image datasets, especially those acquired in pragmatic clinical trials, is critical to advance multi-center neuroimaging studies and translational machine learning in healthcare. We present an enhanced and rigorously validated version of the HACA3 harmonization algorithm, which we refer to as HACA3$^+$, incorporating key methodologica…
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TS-Attn: Temporal-wise Separable Attention for Multi-Event Video Generation
Generating high-quality videos from complex temporal descriptions that contain multiple sequential actions is a key unsolved problem. Existing methods are constrained by an inherent trade-off: using multiple short prompts fed sequentially into the model improves action fidelity but compromises temporal consistency, while a single complex prompt preserves consistency at the cost of prompt-following…
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ALMA Observations of Acetone in Hot Cores
Acetone (CH3COCH3) is a ubiquitous interstellar molecule, and serves as an important tracer of hot core chemistry. We conducted a line survey of acetone and its precursor acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) towards 60 hot cores by using the ALMA 3 mm lines observations. We calculated the rotational temperatures and column densities of acetone using the XCLASS software. Acetone was detected in 15 hot cores with …
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API Security Based on Automatic OpenAPI Mapping
This paper presents Map Reduce Graph (MRG), a novel unsupervised method for modeling and securing HTTP REST APIs. MRG learns API structure from real-world traffic without prior knowledge or labels, automatically generating OpenAPI-compliant documentation by reconstructing routes, methods, and parameter formats. MRG enables real-time updates, explainable visualization, and anomaly detection, helpin…
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Wrench-Aware Admittance Control for Unknown-Payload Manipulation
Unknown payloads can strongly affect compliant robotic manipulation, especially when the payload center of mass is not aligned with the tool center point. In this case, the payload generates an offset wrench at the robot wrist. During motion, this wrench is not only related to payload weight, but also to payload inertia. If it is not modeled, the compliant controller can interpret it as an externa…
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Fairness Audits of Institutional Risk Models in Deployed ML Pipelines
Fairness audits of institutional risk models are critical for understanding how deployed machine learning pipelines allocate resources. Drawing on multi-year collaboration with Centennial College, where our prior ethnographic work introduced the ASP-HEI Cycle, we present a replica-based audit of a deployed Early Warning System (EWS), replicating its model using institutional training data and desi…
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The eigenvector centrality of hypergraphs
A hypergraph is called uniform when every hyperedge contains the same number of vertices, otherwise, it is called non-uniform. In the real world, many systems give rise to non-uniform hypergraphs, such as email networks and co-authorship networks. A uniform hypergraph has a natural one-to-one correspondence with its adjacency tensor. In 2019, Benson proposed the eigenvector centrality of uniform h…
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Cosmology of the interacting Tsallis holographic dark energy in $f(R,T)$ gravity framework
In this work, we have analyzed the cosmology of the Tsallis holographic dark energy (THDE), a particular case of Nojiri-Odintsov HDE proposed in [S. Nojiri and S. D. Odintsov, \textit{Gen. Relativ. Gravit.} \textbf{38} (2006), 1285; \textit{Eur. Phys. J. C} \textbf{77} (2017) 528], using Hubble's horizon cutoff in $f(R,T)=μR+νT$ model considering pressureless dark matter. We have examined the equa…
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A neural operator framework for data-driven discovery of stability and receptivity in physical systems
Understanding how complex systems respond to perturbations, such as whether they will remain stable or what their most sensitive patterns are, is a fundamental challenge across science and engineering. Traditional stability and receptivity (resolvent) analyses are powerful but rely on known equations and linearization, limiting their use in nonlinear or poorly modeled systems. Here, we introduce a…
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LePREC: Reasoning as Classification over Structured Factors for Assessing Relevance of Legal Issues
More than half of the global population struggles to meet their civil justice needs due to limited legal resources. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities, significant challenges remain even at the foundational step of legal issue identification. To investigate LLMs' capabilities in this task, we constructed a dataset from 769 real-world Malaysian Co…