1614479 results (page 6 of 64580)
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Bipartite cuts in Ramsey-Turán style
We prove that every $K_5$-free $n$-vertex graph with sublinear independence number can be made bipartite by removing at most $n^2(1/18+o(1))$ edges, where the constant $1/18$ is best possible. The proof method is related to extensions of Turán Theorem in edge-weighted settings, and part of the proof uses flag algebra.
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Faking entanglement with imperceptible measurement deviations
Quantum entanglement is a central resource underpinning emerging quantum technologies, enabling capabilities beyond those of classical systems. Accurate verification of entanglement is therefore crucial. However, experimental schemes usually rely on the assumption that quantum measurements can be realized exactly. As the complexity of a quantum system grows, this assumption typically becomes incre…
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Agentic AutoResearch forSpace Autonomy: An Auditable, LLM-Driven Research Agent for Aerospace Control Problems
Spacecraft guidance, navigation, and control functions are increasingly realized as learned policies distilled from expert solvers. Developing such a policy is itself a research process: an investigator selects an architecture and hyperparameters, runs experiments, and must determine whether an apparent improvement is genuine or merely seed noise. This paper presents AutoResearch, a framework in w…
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New Gauge Forces, Neutron Stars and Schwinger Neutrino Production
We investigate neutrino effects of new long-range forces arising from gauging $B-L$, $L_e-L_{μ/τ}$ or $L_μ-L_τ$ symmetries of the Standard Model. The leptonic potential generated by astronomical bodies, such as the Earth, the Sun or a neutron star, results in the Schwinger pair production of neutrinos charged under the new gauge symmetry. The oppositely charged particles accumulate in the potentia…
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Phase Transitions and Gravitational Wave Production at the End of Thermal Inflation
We investigate the first-order phase transition that terminates thermal inflation and evaluate the associated stochastic gravitational-wave signals. The transition is first characterized through semi-analytic calculations of the bounce action, which are compared with numerical results obtained using CosmoTransitions. We then study its real-time evolution in a three-dimensional Langevin lattice sim…
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Geometry-Aware Superpixel Graph Transformer with Metadata for Skin Lesion Classification
Automated skin cancer classification from dermoscopic images remains challenging due to heterogeneous lesion structure, strong intra-class variability, and subtle visual differences between benign and malignant cases. Existing CNN/ViT pipelines typically rely on global or patch-level features and often combine patient metadata via late fusion, which limits spatially grounded multimodal reasoning. …
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CoLI: A Reproducible Platform for Continuum Robot Learning via Monolithic 3D Printing and Isomorphic Teleoperation
Continuum robots offer strong potential for manipulation tasks due to their high degrees of freedom, compliant structures, and operational safety. However, their adoption in both research and practical applications has been hindered by reproducibility issues arising from complex fabrication and assembly processes, challenging kinematic modeling, and a lack of intuitive control interfaces. To addre…
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DataMagic: Transforming Tabular Data into Data Insight Video
Data videos integrate dynamic charts, voice narration, and synchronized animations to communicate data insights as temporal narratives, making them an effective medium for improving data consumption efficiency in the data management lifecycle. However, producing high-quality data videos requires expertise spanning data analysis, narrative design, and video production. Existing approaches fall shor…
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Interaction geometry and ground-state properties of sparse quantum lattice models
We investigate how interaction geometry shapes the low-energy phases of sparse tunable long-range quantum models. We focus on a class of graphs whose degree grows logarithmically with system size, and show how symmetry and frustration in graph connectivity can drive, suppress, and reshape ground-state phase transitions. The central examples are power-of-$p$ graphs, where even and odd values of $p$…
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Sparse Configuration Interaction for the Electronic Schrödinger Equation Revisited: Complete Basis Set Limit Complexity and Quantum-Encoding Impact
In this article we revisit regularity results for eigenfunctions in the discrete spectrum of the electronic Schrödinger equation and study their consequences for approximation complexity. In particular, for the convergence to the complete basis set limit, it can be shown that the curse of dimensionality in the leading algebraic exponent can be mitigated. That is, for general sparse grid constructi…
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Nonlinear Geotechnical Analysis Using a Polygonal Cell-Based Smoothed Finite Element Framework
Nonlinear geotechnical analysis often involves complex geometries, staged construction, local failure, and mesh-dependent stress and plastic strain responses. This study develops a polygonal cell-based smoothed finite element method (CS-FEM) for nonlinear geotechnical analysis and implements it in ABAQUS through the user element subroutine. The proposed method combines Wachspress interpolation wit…
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A Single-Loop Minorized Dual Decomposition Method for Nonsmooth Multi-Stage Stochastic Programming
In this paper, we study multi-stage stochastic programming (MSP) problems with nonsmooth composite objectives. Tailored to their intrinsic stage-wise and scenario-wise structure, we develop a single-loop minorized dual decomposition method, in which each iteration constructs a minorized problem and its restricted Wolfe dual, and then performs \textit{one iteration} of the symmetric Gauss--Seidel b…
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Towards Modality-imbalanced Federated Graph Learning: A Data Synthesis-based Approach
MultiModal Federated Graph Learning (MM-FGL) offers a natural collaborative training paradigm, but its practical deployment is challenged by two granularities of modality imbalance. Client-level imbalance occurs when certain clients lack entire modalities, while node-level imbalance occurs when individual nodes exhibit missing visual or textual attributes. While several relevant studies exist, our…
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Rethinking Shrinkage Bias in LLM FP4 Pretraining: Geometric Origin, Systemic Impact, and UFP4 Recipe
FP4 training promises substantial reductions in memory and computation cost for LLM pretraining, yet current FP4 hardware paths and recipes, including NVIDIA Blackwell/Rubin-class systems and AMD MI350-series GPUs, remain centered on E2M1 data elements. In this study, we identify a fundamental limitation of that choice: non-uniform formats such as E2M1 inherently suffer from Shrinkage Bias, a syst…
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Discrimination of genuinely nonlocal sets without entanglement in multipartite systems
Genuine nonlocality arises when a set of multipartite orthogonal states is locally indistinguishable under any bipartition of the subsystems. The entanglement-assisted discrimination of such genuinely nonlocal orthogonal product sets has attracted significant attention in quantum information. Based on the criterion of local irreducibility, genuine nonlocality is classified into Type I (reducible) …
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CRAX: Fast Safe Reinforcement Learning Benchmarking
Safety is a core concern for deploying reinforcement learning (RL) agents in real-world domains such as robotics and autonomous driving. While benchmarks have been central to progress in RL, existing safety benchmarks with high-fidelity 3D physics remain computationally slow, limiting large-scale experimentation and rapid prototyping. To address this gap, we propose CRAX (Constrained RL Accelerate…
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Organizing in the Digital Age: Understanding Community, Challenges, and Consequences in Digitally-facilitated Labor Organizing
The contemporary American labor force is highly dispersed, necessitating the use of digital communication tools to bridge spatial and temporal gaps in union organizing. This study provides an in-depth analysis of how workers within various labor unions utilize digital, text-based communication platforms -- including Discord, WhatsApp, and Slack -- for labor organizing. Through 17 qualitative inter…
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ARGUS: Production-Scale Tracing and Performance Diagnosis for over 10,000-GPU Clusters
Large-scale LLM training requires always-on, fine-grained observability for effective performance diagnosis at scale. Coarse resource monitors alone cannot localize root causes, and fine-grained profilers incur prohibitive (5%-30%) overheads and massive trace volumes, making always-on deployment impractical in large production clusters. We propose ARGUS, a low-overhead, fine-grained, always-on t…
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AutoPass: Evidence-Guided LLM Agents for Compiler Performance Tuning
Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise for code compilation tasks, but applying them to runtime performance tuning is difficult due to complex microarchitectural effects and noisy runtime measurements. We present AutoPass, a multi-agent framework for compiler performance tuning that uses compiler and runtime evidence to guide LLM-generated optimization decisions. Rather than treating the compil…
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Attosecond Path Qubits in High-Harmonic Generation: Classical Dephasing and Trace-Out Decoherence
High-harmonic generation (HHG) is governed by interference between electron trajectories. We propose that the dominant short and long trajectories define an experimentally addressable two-level subsystem: an attosecond path qubit (APQ). We formulate a trajectory-resolved density matrix to identify two distinct coherence-loss mechanisms: classical dephasing from ensemble averaging and quantum decoh…
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ELMA: ELlipse-based bar MAjor axis estimator
Galactic bars are key non-axisymmetric structures in disk galaxies, driving angular-momentum redistribution and contributing to secular evolution, central mass build-up, and the formation of nuclear structures. Robust and homogeneous measurements of bar length, however, remain challenging, particularly for large imaging surveys, where manual estimates are time-consuming and sensitive to methodolog…
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CATCH-ME if you RAG: a dataset of Contextually Annotated multi-Turn Counterspeech against Hate and Misinformation Exchanges
Online hate speech and misinformation frequently overlap, yet NLP research has mainly treated them in isolation. While LLMs represent a scalable solution for assisting humans in the generation of counterspeech for both threats, zero-shot models frequently generate repetitive and vague responses, underscoring the need for high-quality examples to steer model generation. However, existing counterspe…
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DEM analysis of the 6 September 2011 large-scale coronal wave
Large-scale coronal waves are globally propagating intensity enhancements in extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) and soft X-ray (SXR) observations, associated with solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). They are interpreted as low-coronal signatures of a large-amplitude fast magnetosonic wave. On 6 September 2011, a fast (v = 1000 km/s) large-scale coronal wave accompanied an eruptive X2.1 class fl…
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On the maximum density of $r$-graphs in which every $(r+1)$-set spans $0$ or $2$ edges
In 1984, Frankl and Füredi asked for the maximum density of an $n$-vertex $r$-graph in which every $(r+1)$-set of vertices spans $0$ or $2$ edges. They gave a construction with asymptotic density $2^{1-r}$. We significantly improve this bound by constructing such $r$-graphs with density $Ω(r^{-3})$, thereby improving the dependence on $r$ from exponential to polynomial. We also obtain lower bounds…
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Advancing Astrophysics with the SKA II
Advancing Astrophysics with the SKA II (AASKAII), written by our science community, outlines the transformative scientific advances that will be enabled by the SKA telescopes. In the decade since the publication of the previous edition, telescope designs have matured, construction has commenced, and the SKA Organisation has evolved into the SKA Observatory (SKAO). At the same time, observations fr…